1.2.4 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)處理 觀察同一患者鼻息肉組織及下鼻甲黏膜成纖維細(xì)胞中各型組胺受體的表達(dá),用實(shí)時(shí)擴(kuò)增了解1型及2型組胺受體表達(dá)程度.將目的基因交點(diǎn)與βactin基因交點(diǎn)比值作為受體的表達(dá)程度并以均數(shù)±標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差(±SD)來(lái)表示.用SPSS12.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)處理,進(jìn)行MannWhiteny’s U檢驗(yàn).
2 結(jié)果
RTPCR結(jié)果表明,可見(jiàn)1型及2型組胺受體mRNA表達(dá),未見(jiàn)3型及4型組胺受體表達(dá)(圖2).實(shí)時(shí)擴(kuò)增結(jié)果見(jiàn),鼻息肉組織成纖維細(xì)胞內(nèi)1型及2型組胺受體mRNA的表達(dá)較下鼻甲鼻黏膜成纖維細(xì)胞低,但相比較均無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P=0.19,P=0.14,圖3).流式細(xì)胞分析實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果示,無(wú)刺激時(shí)1型組胺受體蛋白的表達(dá)量在鼻息肉組織及下鼻甲黏膜組織中均極低,無(wú)顯著性差異(圖4),2型組胺受體蛋白的表達(dá)在下鼻甲黏膜組織較多(圖5).
3 討論
組胺生成于嗜中性粒細(xì)胞及肥大細(xì)胞,參與各種過(guò)敏反應(yīng).氣道上皮微環(huán)境中的肥大細(xì)胞可合成組胺,增加氣道的滲透性[15].Jordana等[16]認(rèn)為,組胺可使體外培養(yǎng)的成纖維細(xì)胞增殖,其作用是通過(guò)2型組胺受體完成的;thymikine可使體外培養(yǎng)的人皮膚成纖維細(xì)胞增殖,而組胺可通過(guò)1型組胺受體促進(jìn)蛋白激酶C及佛波酯酵素活性,抑制thymikine對(duì)成纖維細(xì)胞的增殖作用[17].目前,對(duì)在鼻息肉的形成過(guò)程中成纖維細(xì)胞及成纖維細(xì)胞中的組胺受體所起的作用雖然尚未完全闡明,但可以肯定的是鼻息肉的形成僅與1型及2型組胺受體有關(guān),而與3型及4型組胺受體則無(wú)關(guān).本研究結(jié)果亦表明,鼻息肉成纖維細(xì)胞中只可見(jiàn)1型及2型組胺受體的表達(dá),而未見(jiàn)3型及4型的表達(dá).目前雖然對(duì)鼻息肉的形成過(guò)程尚無(wú)統(tǒng)一的認(rèn)識(shí),但與變應(yīng)性鼻炎有關(guān)系的假設(shè)已被受重視.Okayama等[18]認(rèn)為,人鼻黏膜組織中分布的1型組胺受體主要分布于小動(dòng)脈、靜脈及海棉靜脈竇等血管內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞內(nèi),而血管平滑肌及鼻黏膜下腺體等組織中則未見(jiàn)分布.Boucher等[19]報(bào)道,鼻黏膜切片組織中存在2型組胺受體的表達(dá),且在變應(yīng)性鼻炎鼻黏膜組織中的表達(dá)強(qiáng)度明顯高于非變應(yīng)性鼻炎,且原位雜交分析亦支持上述結(jié)果.本研究采用流式細(xì)胞分析方法觀察了組胺受體蛋白的表達(dá),發(fā)現(xiàn)其表達(dá)量較少,但組胺受體蛋白可以細(xì)胞內(nèi)及外的形態(tài)表達(dá),而流式細(xì)胞分析方法卻不能準(zhǔn)確地測(cè)定細(xì)胞內(nèi)的蛋白量.蛋白表達(dá)較少的原因考慮可能與如下幾點(diǎn)相關(guān);1)可以肯定鼻息肉與下鼻甲黏膜成纖維細(xì)胞中有大量的組胺受體mRNA表達(dá);2)組胺受體蛋白合成后受到某些其他代謝產(chǎn)物的影響,迅速溶解;3)大部分組胺受體蛋白僅在細(xì)胞內(nèi)停留,而未到達(dá)細(xì)胞膜表面;4)可能在某些因素的影響下蛋白質(zhì)翻譯受阻礙;5)需要特定的條件,如各種細(xì)胞因子刺激或特殊酶參與等.
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