2017醫(yī)學(xué)考研英語(yǔ)二真題答案解析
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
People have speculated for centuries about a future without work .Today is no different, with academics, writers, and activists once again _1_ that technology be replacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by _2_ . A few wealthy people will own all the capital, and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.
A different and not mutually exclusive _3_ holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort, one _4 _by purposelessness: Without jobs to give their lives _5_ , people will simply become lazy and depressed. _6_ , today's unemployed don't seem to be having a great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression, double the rate for _7_ Americans. Also, some research suggests that the _8_ for rising rates of mortality, mental-health problems, and addicting _9_ poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many __10_ the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.
But it doesn't __11__ follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease. Such visions are based on the __12__ of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the __13__ of work, a society designed with other ends in mind could __14__ strikingly different circumstanced for the future of labor and leisure. Today, the __15__ of work may be a bit overblown. "Many jobs are boring, degrading, unhealthy, and a waste of human potential," says John Danaher, a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.
These days, because leisure time is relatively __16__ for most workers, people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional __17__ of their jobs. "When I come home from a hard day's work, I often feel __18__ ," Danaher says, adding, "In a world in which I don't have to work, I might feel rather different"—perhaps different enough to throw himself __19__ a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for __20__ matters.
1.[A] boasting [B] denying [C] warning [D] ensuring
動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。作家學(xué)者警示人們技術(shù)會(huì)代替人類(lèi)勞動(dòng)。boast吹噓、自負(fù)。deny否認(rèn)。ensure確保。Warning警示，警告。因此答案為C選項(xiàng)。
2.[A] inequality [B] instability [C] unreliability [D] uncertainty
上下文理解。根據(jù)后文富人會(huì)擁有所有資產(chǎn)，貧困地區(qū)也會(huì)扎堆，可以看出此處想表達(dá)不平等的意思。Inequality不平等，instability不穩(wěn)定性，unreliability不可靠性，uncertainty不確定性。因此答案為A選項(xiàng)。
3.[A] policy [B]guideline [C] resolution [D] prediction
詞義辨析。policy政策，guideline指導(dǎo)方針，resolution決心，prediction預(yù)測(cè)。該句意為另外一種預(yù)測(cè)認(rèn)為…。因此答案為D選項(xiàng)。
4.[A] characterized [B]divided [C] balanced [D]measured
動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。該句意為未來(lái)社會(huì)的特點(diǎn)是無(wú)目的性。因此答案為A選項(xiàng)
5.[A] wisdom [B] meaning [C] glory [D] freedom
詞義辨析，上下文理解。沒(méi)有了工作富裕生活的意義，人們會(huì)變得懶散沮喪。其他幾項(xiàng)不符合題意。因此答案為B選項(xiàng)。
6.[A] Instead [B] Indeed [C] Thus [D] Nevertheless
考查副詞。Indeed實(shí)際上，那些失業(yè)者生活并不美好。因此答案為B選項(xiàng)。
7.[A] rich [B] urban [C]working [D] educated
上下文理解。前面提到失業(yè)的美國(guó)人在和工作的美國(guó)人做對(duì)比。因此答案為C選項(xiàng)。
8.[A] explanation [B] requirement [C] compensation [D] substitute
詞義辨析。死亡率升高，心理健康問(wèn)題等是因?yàn)闆](méi)有工資待遇較好的工作，這就解釋了原因問(wèn)題。Explanation符合題意，因此答案為A選項(xiàng)。
9.[A] under [B] beyond [C] alongside [D] among
介詞辨析。沒(méi)有受到良好教育的中年人中間這些問(wèn)題比較嚴(yán)重。因此答案為D選項(xiàng)。
10.[A] leave behind [B] make up [C] worry about [D] set aside
固定搭配意思辨析。Worry about擔(dān)心，leave behind丟棄，使落后make up 組成，set aside 留出，把…放在一旁。該句意為這就是為什么人們擔(dān)心未來(lái)無(wú)工作的無(wú)聊。因此答案為C選項(xiàng)。
11.[A] statistically [B] occasionally [C] necessarily [D] economically
副詞詞義辨析。Necessarily必然地，statistically統(tǒng)計(jì)地，occasionally偶然地，economically經(jīng)濟(jì)上地。該句想表達(dá)并不必然的意思。因此答案為C選項(xiàng)。
12.[A] chances [B] downsides [C] benefits [D] principles
理解上下文。前面說(shuō)沒(méi)有工作會(huì)導(dǎo)致不安，這些觀念是來(lái)源于在職業(yè)概念的社會(huì)中失業(yè)的消極面。
13.[A] absence [B] height [C] face [D] course
固定搭配。In absence of 缺乏，in height of 在…高度，in face of 面臨，in course of 在…中。該句意為如果沒(méi)有工作，也就是in absence of job.因此答案為A選項(xiàng)。
14.[A] disturb [B] restore [C] exclude [D] yield
動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。沒(méi)有工作的社會(huì)能為人們帶來(lái)放松。Yield 有獲得，帶來(lái)的意思，disturb打擾，妨礙，restore恢復(fù)，交還，exclude排斥。因此答案為D選項(xiàng)。
15.[A] model [B] practice [C] virtue [D] hardship
詞義辨析。根據(jù)后面工作的缺點(diǎn)可以推測(cè)此處想表達(dá)工作的優(yōu)點(diǎn)被過(guò)分夸大了。Virtue優(yōu)點(diǎn)，好處。因此答案為C選項(xiàng)。
16.[A] tricky [B] lengthy [C] mysterious [D] scarce
詞義辨析和上下文理解。休閑時(shí)間對(duì)工作人來(lái)說(shuō)相對(duì)較少。因此答案為D選項(xiàng)。
17.[A] demands [B] standards [C] qualities [D] threats
詞義辨析。閑暇時(shí)間來(lái)平衡人們的智力和情感需求醫(yī)學(xué)全.在.線.提供. m.gydjdsj.org.cn。因此答案為A選項(xiàng)。
18.[A] ignored [B] tired [C] confused [D] starved
詞義理解。下班回到家感覺(jué)到疲憊。Starved饑餓的。因此答案為B選項(xiàng)。
19.[A] off [B] against [C] behind [D] into
固定搭配和介詞使用。Throw into投身于， throw off擺脫，throw against扔掉，throw behind拋開(kāi)。投身到自己的愛(ài)好之中。因此答案為D選項(xiàng)。
20.[A] technological [B] professional [C] educational [D] interpersonal
詞義辨析。一些需要專(zhuān)業(yè)技能的項(xiàng)目。因此答案為B選項(xiàng)。
