考研英語(yǔ)真題中長(zhǎng)難句拆分與表達(dá)的示例
This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail.
(1)句子拆分
拆分點(diǎn)：從屬連詞、介詞、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)
This trend began ∥during the Second World War, ∥ when several governments came to the conclusion ∥that the specific demands ∥that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen ∥in detail.
(2)句子結(jié)構(gòu)
找謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(began, came, wants, cannot be foreseen);→
找連詞(when, that, that) → 醫(yī)學(xué)全在線搜集整,理m.gydjdsj.org.cn
前面沒(méi)有從屬連詞的動(dòng)詞即為主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞→
確定主從句。
主句：This trend began during the Second World War ;
從句：定語(yǔ)從句when several governments came to the conclusion修飾the Second World War，本從句嵌套著一個(gè)二級(jí)從句即同位語(yǔ)從句that the specific demands cannot generally be foreseen in detail修飾conclusion和一個(gè)三級(jí)從句that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment修飾demands。
(3)解析
during the Second World War介詞短語(yǔ)做狀語(yǔ);when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail 做定語(yǔ)修飾the Second World War ;that the specific demands cannot generally be foreseen in detail同位語(yǔ)從句修飾conclusion ;that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment修飾demands。
(4)本句的參考譯文
這種趨勢(shì)始于第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間醫(yī)學(xué)全在線搜集整,理m.gydjdsj.org.cn，當(dāng)時(shí)一些國(guó)家的政府得出結(jié)論：政府向科研機(jī)構(gòu)提出的要求通常是無(wú)法詳盡預(yù)見(jiàn)的。
總之，只要考生對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)有個(gè)透徹的理解，弄清句子的各個(gè)成分，并可以借助連詞、介詞、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞等手段把句子由簡(jiǎn)單變得復(fù)雜，由復(fù)雜變得簡(jiǎn)單，這樣句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析技能提高了，長(zhǎng)難句也就攻克了，考研翻譯也就解決了。
